Ahmose Son of Ebana
Family and Career:
Ahmose was the son of Baba, an army commander of
Seqenenre-Taa II, and the lady Ebana. Baba was the son of
Ra-Inet.
Ahmose was from the city of Nekheb in the South. He served under the
pharaohs Ahmose, Amenhotep and Tuthmosis I. In the autobiographical
text Ahmose mentions that he started as a soldier on a ship named "The
Wild Bull". He later transferred to a ship named "The Northern" and
distinguished himself in battle with King Ahmose. With the ship "Rising
in Memphis" he took part in the siege of Avaris and witnessed the
expulsion of the Hyksos.
Ahmose took part in the actions against rebellious leaders like Aata
and Tetian, and accompanied Pharaohs Amenhotep and Tuthmosis on thier
numerous campaigns.
Ahmose married Ipu(t) and Kema. Ahmose had several children. A daughter
named Kem is known fairly well because of her son Paheri. Ahmose also
had a son named Mehy and he may have had another daughter named
Sitamun.
Ahmose's daughter Kem was married to a noble named Atefrura, who was t utor of the King's Son
Wadjmose (son of Tuthmosis I).
Ahmose was buried in tomb 5 at El Kab.
Autobiographical text:
The autobiographical text of Ahmose son of Ebana gives us
quite a lot of information about the late 17th and early 18th dynasty.
The text below is taken from Ancient
Egypt. The site has the annotated text with explanations of some of
the terms. The text has been reproduced here, but it may be worth
looking at the comments given at the site mentioned. The text is After
K. Sethe, Urkunden der 18. Dynastie, Band I, 1914, §§1-11.
Early years
The Crew
Commander Ahmose son of Abana, the
justified; he says. I speak to
you, all people. I let you know what favours came to me. I have been
rewarded with gold seven times in the sight
of the whole land, with male and
female slaves as well. I have been endowed with very many fields. The
name
of the brave man is in that which he has done; it will not perish in
the land forever.
He speaks as follows. I grew up in the town of Nekheb,
my father being a soldier of the King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Sekenenre,
the justified. Baba son of Reinet was his name. I became a soldier in
his stead on the ship "The Wild Bull" in the time of the Lord of the
Two Lands, Nebpehtire, the justified. I was
a youth who had not married; I slept in a hammock of netting.
Campaign agianst the Hyksos
Now when I had established a household, I was taken to the ship
"Northern", because I was brave. I followed the sovereign on foot when
he rode about on his chariot. When the town of Avaris was besieged, I
fought bravely on foot in his majesty's presence. Thereupon I was
appointed to the ship khaemmennefer ("Rising in Memphis"). Then
there was fighting on the water in "P'a-djedku" of
Avaris.
I made a seizure and carried off a hand. When it was reported to the
royal herald the gold of valour was given to me. Then they fought again
in this place; I again made a seizure there and
carried off a hand. Then I was given the gold of valour once
again.
Then there was fighting in Egypt to the south of this town. and I
carried off a man as a living captive. I went down into the water - for
he was captured on the city side - and crossed the water carrying him.
When it was reported to the royal herald I was rewarded with gold once
more.
Then Avaris was despoiled, and I brought spoil from there: one man,
three women; total, four persons. His majesty gave them to me as
slaves. Then Sharuhen was
besieged for three years. His majesty despoiled it and I brought spoil
from it: two women and a hand. Then the gold of valour was given me,
and my captives were given to me as slaves.
Nubian
Campaign of King Ahmose
Now when his majesty had slain the nomads of Asia, he sailed south to Khent-hen-nefer, to destroy the Nubian
Bowmen. His majesty made a great
slaughter among them, and I brought spoil from there: two living men
and
three hands. Then I was rewarded with gold once again, and two female
slaves
were given to me. His majesty journeyed north, his heart rejoicing in
valour
and victory. He had conquered southerners, northerners.
The capture of Aata
Then Aata came to the South. His fate brought on his doom. The gods of
Upper Egypt grasped him. He was found by his majesty at Tent-taa.
His majesty carried him off as a living captive, and all his people as
booty. I brought two young warriors as captives from the ship of Aata.
Then I was given five persons and portions of land amounting to five arura in my town. The same was done for the
whole crew.
The defeat of Tetian
Then came that foe named Tetian. He had
gathered the malcontents to himself. His majesty slew him; his troop
was
wiped out. Then I was given three persons and five arura of
land in my
town.
Nubian Campain of Amenhotep I
Then I conveyed King Djeserkare, the
justified, when he sailed south to Kush, to enlarge the borders of
Egypt. His majesty smote that Nubian Bowman in the midst of his army.
They were carried off in fetters, none missing, the fleeing destroyed
as if they had never been. Now I was in the van of our troops and I
fought really well. His majesty saw my valour. I carried off two hands
and presented them to his majesty. Then his people and his cattle were
pursued, and I carried off a living captive and presented him to his
majesty. I brought his majesty back to Egypt in two days from "Upper
Well," and was rewarded with gold. I brought back two female slaves as
booty, apart from those that I had presented to his majesty. Then they
made me a "Warrior of the Ruler."
Nubian Campaugn of Tuthmosis I
Then I conveyed King Aakheperkare,
the justified, when he sailed south to Khent-hen-nefer, to crush
rebellion throughout the lands, to repel the intruders from the desert
region. I was brave in his presence in the bad water, in the towing of
the ship over the cataract. Thereupon I was made crew commander. Then
his majesty [was informed that the Nubian] .. At this his majesty
became enraged like a leopard. His majesty shot, and his first arrow
pierced the chest of that foe. Then those [enemies turned to flee],
helpless before his Uraeus. A slaughter was made among them; their
dependents were carried off as living captives. His majesty journeyed
north, all foreign lands in his grasp, and that wretched Nubian Bowman
head downward at the bow of his majesty's ship "Falcon." They landed at
Ipet-sut.
Syrian Campaign of Tuthmosis I
After this (his majesty) proceeded to Retenu,
to vent his wrath throughout the lands. When his majesty reached Nahrin,
his majesty found that foe marshalling troops. Then his majesty made a
great slaughter of them. Countless were the living captives which his
majesty brought back from his victories. Now I was in the van of our
troops, and his majesty saw my valour. I brought a chariot, its horse,
and him who was on it as a living captive. When they were presented to
his majesty, I was rewarded with gold once again.
Rewards Received
I have grown old; I have reached old age. Favoured as before, and loved
[by
my lord], I [rest] in the tomb that I myself made....in Behy. Again I
am given by the King of Upper and Lower Egypt ... 60 arura in
Hadjaa. In sum ... arura.
Links:Tomb
El Kab 5 from Osirisnet. A wonderful description of the tomb with
nice photographs. Tomb
of Ahmose Son of Ebana. Site with wonderful pictures by Nofret
(Carla). There are several pictures of the outside of the tomb, and
many scenes froom the interior are shown. Last edited: September 2008
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